Sep 2022
Host: CDA
Abstract:
The functional role of the centromere as the chromosomal attachment
site for spindle fibers was recognized more than a century ago. However,
up to the middle 1990s, scientists did not know the DNA sequences or
chromatin structure of centromeres in higher eukaryotes. In 1996, plant
scientists discovered several repetitive DNA elements that are conserved
in the centromeres of distantly related plant species, which opened the
door for plant centromere research. Centromeric chromatin is specified
by the presence of a special histone H3 variant, CenH3. The
establishment and maintenance of centromeres is not defined by the
underlying DNA sequences. A centromere can be inactivated by losing its
CenH3, activated in a non-centromeric region, or re-activated from a
previously inactivated centromere by gaining CenH3. Several plant
species have provided excellent models to dissect the genetic and
epigenetic changes that may play a role in centromere function and
evolution.
Bio:
Jiming Jiang is a MSU
Foundation Professor with the Department of Plant Biology and the
Department of Horticulture at Michigan State University (US) since 2017.
He obtained his PhD from Kansas State University (US), where he also
worked as Postdoctoral Associate for the Department of Plant Pathology.
After conducting research as a Postdoctoral Associate with the
Department of Genetics at Yale University (US), he became Assistant and
subsequently Associate, Full, and Campbell-Bascom Professor with the
Department of Horticulture at the University of Wisconsin-Madison (US).
Jiang is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of
Science (AAAS) and received several honors and award throughout his
career, including the Young Crop Scientist Award, H. I. Romnes Faculty
Fellowship, and Kellett Mid-Career Award.